Listening Strategies
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Memory strategies
- Classify the new words or concepts into units to make the material easier to understand
- Imagine scenes or draw picture of what you’re reading.
- Review your reading notes periodically.
Cognitive Strategies
- Skip the unfamiliar character/ word/ phrase without knowing any or much of the meaning, just proceed to read the following text.
- Paraphrase content using my own words in English, but conveying the same meaning.
- Make marks or summarize in the margin or on a separate sheet of paper.
- Read aloud, read under breath, or sub-vocalize when encountering difficulties.
- Anticipate or predict what content will occur in the succeeding portions of text.
Compensation strategies
- Decide in advance what my reading purpose is and I read with that goal in mind.
- Skim the text first to get the main idea and then go back and read it more carefully.
- Use syntactic or grammatical knowledge to figure out what the sentence means.
- Use the context to comprehend when I do not understand one portion of the text.
- Pay attention to the organization of the text, especially headings and subheadings.
Metacognitive Strategies
- Before reading, think of what you already know about the topic.
- Identify what impedes the comprehension after reading.
- Assess your application of reading methods after reading.
Social Strategies
- Discuss what you comprehend with friends or teacher.
- Conceive the cultural knowledge from the readings.