|
BETTY PINGO MNT |
|
|
Site code |
U7B |
|
Site name |
Betty Pingo MNT (former FLUX 1) |
|
CAPS I Metadata form |
NA |
|
CAPS II Metadata form |
NA |
|
Responsible for data submission |
Nikolay
Shiklomanov |
|
Email Address |
shiklom”-at-“gwu.edu |
|
Institution/Organization |
GWU |
|
Location description |
Arctic Alaska |
|
Location Lat. |
70.2835 N |
|
Location Lon. |
148.8930 W |
|
Elevation avg. (m) |
12 |
|
Methods Grid |
100 |
|
Methods Other |
Air Temperature, Soil Surface Temperature |
|
Landscape Description |
Outer coastal plain, drained lake basins |
|
Vegetation /Classification |
Flat with
mixed flat-centered and low-centered polygons; moist nonacidic tundra |
|
Soils (or Material) |
Pergelic Cryoborolls |
|
Thaw depth measurements (year started)
|
1995 |
|
Air temp. measurements (year started) |
1995 |
|
Snow cover measurements (year started) |
NA |
|
soil
temp. measurements (year started) |
1995 (surface only) |
|
soil moisture measurements (year started) |
NA |
|
general description of soil moisture (dry, moist, wet,
saturated) |
Very wet |
|
soil texture: if non organic describe texture, if organic
indicate thickness of organic layer (cm) |
Organic layer
thickness: 12 +/- 1.7cm mineral texture -- silty
loam /silt/peat |
DESCRIPTION
OF AREA CONTAINING SITE:
U7B
1-ha grid is located within of the U7A 1 km grid.
Site
description: Flat with mixed flat-centered and low-centered polygons; moist
nonacidic tundra.
Vegetation
communities: (1) Raised microsites, including polygon rims and raised centers:
Moist Eriophorum triste, Carex membranacea, Dryas integrifolia, Tornentypnurn nitens, Thamnolia subuliformis graminoid, prostrate-shrub tundra. (2) Lower microsites,
mainly polygon basins: Wet Eriophorum angustifolium, Carex aquatilis, Drepanocladus brevifolius graminoid tundra.Cover of top 5 species: Eriophorum
triste (22%), Dryas integrifolia (16%), Tomentypnum nitens (7%), Eriophorum vaginatum (4%), Carex aquatilis (2%).
Mean vegetation height: 3.1 +/- 3.0 s.d. cm
Mean
live moss layer thickness: 1.8 +/- 0.9 cm
Organic
layer thickness: 12 +/- 1.7 cm.
(Walker and Bockheim,
1995)
SOIL
DESCRIPTION: (predominant texture, i.e.,
‘sand’, ‘gravel’, ‘peat’, etc.): Pergelic Cryoborolls (55%), P. Cryaquolls (16%), P. Cryaquepts
(16%), others (13%).
SAMPLING
DESIGN AND METHOD:
Beginning
in 1995, the active layer has been probed at least annually at the site. The
procedure involves pushing a metal rod, calibrated in cm, to the point of
refusal, interpreted in most cases to be the frost table. Thaw depth
measurements at each site were obtained by probing at 5 m intervals along the plot’s two perpendicular and one diagonal
transect, resulting in 71 points per plot per probing date.
In 1995 the site was instrumented with several OnsetTM portable data loggers connected to probe-type
thermistors. Each logger/thermistor system has an effective temperature range
of -50oC to +33oC and resolution of approximately 0.32oC.
At each site, one thermistor was placed in a radiation shield approximately 2 m
above the ground surface, and nine loggers were placed at the interface between
mineral soil and organic material in various microtopographic
positions within the site. Temperature measurements were collected at, 1 hr,
and 2 hr intervals depending on season, and year. Details on methodology are
provided in Klene et. al
2001.
This soil climate station was
established in June of 1996 and is located on the British Petroleum (BP)
Prudhoe Bay oil field near Betty pingo within U7a and U7b CALM sites. The elevation
is about 12 m (40 ft). This station monitors air temperature, soil temperature
at various depths to a maximum of 120 cm, and soil water content at 10, 25, and
40 cm depths. Measurements are made at 20-minute intervals and averaged and
recorded every hour. The data is available at U7a
site folder.
REFERENCES:
Walker,
D. A., and J. G. Bockheim, Site selection for the
portable flux towers, ARCSS/LAII/Flux Study, 13–16 June 1995, Summary of
field activities, Land-Atmos.-Ice Interact. Sci. Manage. Off.,
Geophys. Inst.,Univ. of Alaska-Fairbanks, 1995.
Shiklomanov, N.I. and F.E. Nelson. 2003 Climatic variability in the Kuparuk region, north-central Alaska: optimizating
spatial and temporal interpolation in a sparse
observation network. Arctic,
56: 136-146.
Shiklomanov,
N.I. and F.E. Nelson. 2003 Statistical representation of
landscape-specific active-layer variability. In Phillips, M., Springman,
S. M., and Arenson, L. U. (eds.), Proceedings of
the Eighth International Conference on Permafrost, vol. 2. Lisse: A.A. Balkema, 1039-1044.
Walker D.A., Jia
G.J., Epstein H.E., Raynolds M.K., Chapin III F.S., Copass C., Hinzman L.D., Kane D.,
Knudson J.A., Maier H., Michaelson G.J., Nelson F.E.,
Ping C.L., Shiklomanov N.I., Romanovsky
V.E., Shur Y.
2003 Vegetation-soil-thaw-depth relationships along a Low Arctic
bioclimatic gradient, Alaska: Synthesis of information from the Atlas studies. Permafrost and Periglacial Processes, 14: 103-123.
Shiklomanov
N. I. and F. E. Nelson, F. E., 2002.
Active-layer mapping at regional scales: a 13-year spatial time series for the Kuparuk region, north-central Alaska. Permafrost and Periglacial Processes, 13:
219-230.
Klene A.E., Nelson
F.E., and N.I. Shiklomanov. 2001 The n-factor as a tool in geocryological mapping: seasonal thaw in the Kuparuk River Basin, Alaska. Physical
Geography, 22(6): 449-466.
Klene A.E., Nelson
F.E., Shiklomanov N.I., and K.M. Hinkel. 2001
The n-factor in natural landscapes: Variability of air and soil-surface
temperatures, Kuparuk River basin, Alaska. Arctic,
Antarctic and Alpine Research, 33(2): 140-148.
Nelson, F.E.,
Shiklomanov, N.I., and G.R. Mueller. Variability of active-layer thickness
at multiple spatial scales, north-central Alaska, USA. 1999 Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research, 31(2): 179-186.
Shiklomanov, N.I.
and F.E. Nelson. Analytic representation of the active layer thickness field, Kuparuk River basin, Alaska. 1999 Ecological Modelling,
123: 105-125.
Bockheim, J.G., Walker,
D.A., Everett, L.R., Nelson, F.E. and N.I. Shiklomanov. 1998 . Soils and
cryoturbation in moist nonacidic and acidic tundra in the Kuparuk
River basin, Arctic Alaska, USA. Arctic
and Alpine Research, 30(2): 166-174.
Nelson, F.E.,
Hinkel, K.M., Shiklomanov, N.I., Mueller, G.R., Miller, L.L., and D.A.
Walker. Active-layer thickness in
north central Alaska: systematic sampling, scale, and spatial autocorrelation.
1998 Journal of Geophysical Research-Atmospheres,
103(D22): 28963-28973.
Nelson, F.E., Outcalt, S.I., Brown, J., Shiklomanov, N.I., and K.M.
Hinkel. Spatial and temporal attributes of the
active-layer thickness record, Barrow, Alaska, USA, 1998 Proceedings
of the Seventh International Conference on Permafrost. Centre de etudes nordiques de l'Universite Laval,
Laval, Quebec, Canada, Yellowknife, NWT, Canada, pp. 797-802
Walker, D.A., Auerbach,
N.A., Bockheim, J.G., Chapin, F.S., Eugster, W., King, J.Y., McFadden, J.P., Michaelson, G.J., Nelson, F.E., Oechel,
W.C., Ping, C.L., Reeburg, W.S., Regli,
S., Shiklomanov, N.I., and G.L. Vourlitis.1998 Energy and trace-gas fluxes
across a soil pH boundary in the arctic. Nature,
394(6692): 469-472.
Nelson F.E., Shiklomanov, N.I.,
Mueller G.R., Hinkel K.M., Walker D.A., and J.G. Bockheim.1997 Estimating
active-layer thickness over a large region: Kuparuk
River basin, Alaska, USA. Arctic and
Alpine Research, 29(4): 167-378.
Soil temperature and soil moisture
metadata and data are also available at http://soils.usda.gov/survey/scan/alaska/BettyPingo/
Additional Climate data are also available at http://www.uaf.edu/water/projects/NorthSlope/coastal_plain/betty/betty.html