|
CALM SITE U5 |
WEST DOCK |
|
Site code |
U5 |
|
Site name |
West Dock |
|
CAPS I Metadata form |
GGD359 |
|
CAPS II Metadata form |
GGD313U_5 |
|
Responsible for data submission |
Nikolay
Shiklomanov |
|
Email Address |
shiklom”-at-“gwu.edu |
|
Institution/Organization |
GWU |
|
Location description |
Arctic Alaska |
|
Location Lat. |
70 deg. 22 min. N |
|
Location Lon. |
148 deg. 34 min. W |
|
Elevation avg. (m) |
3 |
|
Methods Grid |
1000 |
|
Methods Other |
Air Temperature, Soil temperature, Soil Moisture |
|
Landscape Description |
Outer coastal plain, drained lake basins |
|
Vegetation /Classification |
Graminoid-moss
tundra (wet nonacidic) |
|
Soils (or Material) |
Terric
Hemistel |
|
Thaw depth measurements (year started)
|
1995 |
|
Air temp. measurements (year started) |
1995 |
|
Snow cover measurements (year started) |
NA |
|
soil
temp. measurements (year started) |
1996 |
|
soil moisture measurements (year started) |
1998 |
|
general description of soil moisture (dry, moist, wet,
saturated) |
Very wet to
saturated (Vol MC 50-90 %) |
|
soil texture: if non organic describe texture, if organic
indicate thickness of organic layer (cm) |
Organic
Layer thikness:15 (cm); mineral texture -- silty
loam /silt/peatty muck |
DESCRIPTION OF AREA CONTAINING SITE:
West Dock grid is located on the
outer Arctic Coastal Plain within the Prudhoe Bay oil field. Contrasts between polygonized ‘‘uplands’’ and drained
thaw-lake basins constitute the primary relief at these sites, and lakes and
ponds are ubiquitous elements of the landscape. Landcover
units include moist nonacidic tundra and wet tundra vegetation, and Typic Aquorthel soils developed
in alluvium [Walker and Bockheim, 1995]. Two drained
thaw-lake basins occupy the eastern half of the grid and are separated from the
upland to the west by a prominent beach ridge. A network of low-centered icewedge polygons is developed on the ponded tundra upland (Hinkel & Nelson, 2003).
SOIL DESCRIPTION:
(predominant texture, i.e., ‘sand’, ‘gravel’,
‘peat’, etc.): Typic Aquiturbels
SAMPLING DESIGN AND METHOD:
1-sq km grid consists of a square
array of surveyed permanent stakes separated by 100 m, yielding an 11 ×
11 array of sampling nodes on each grid. Thaw depth and snow sampling was
conducted twice by manual probing at each stake. The two values for each sampling
point are averaged, yielding a maximum of 121 data points per grid per probing
date. The active layer was not measured at locations where grid points
intersect rocks or deep water.
Two
soil climate station was established in August of 2001
in two representative landscapes within the CALM grid. The “U5(west
dock) Low” station represents drained lake basin. The “U5(west dock) High” station represents poligonized uplands.
The elevation for U5low is about 1.5 m (5 ft). The elevation for U5high
is about 3 m (10 ft). Each station
monitors air temperature, solar and net radiation, wind speed and direction,
and soil temperature at various depths to a maximum of 120 cm. Measurements are
made at 20-minute intervals and averaged and recorded every hour.
REFERENCES:
Walker, D. A., and J. G. Bockheim, Site selection for the portable flux towers,
ARCSS/LAII/Flux Study, 13–16 June 1995, Summary of field activities,
Land-Atmos.-Ice Interact. Sci. Manage. Off., Geophys. Inst.,Univ. of Alaska-Fairbanks, 1995.
Hinkel, K.M. & Nelson, F.E. 2003. Spatial
and temporal patterns of active layer thickness at Circumpolar Active Layer
Monitoring (CALM) sites in northern Alaska, 1995-2000.
Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol.108, No. D2, 8168.
Shiklomanov,
N.I. and F.E. Nelson. 2003 Climatic variability in the Kuparuk region, north-central Alaska: optimizating
spatial and temporal interpolation in a sparse observation network. Arctic, 56:
136-146.
Shiklomanov,
N.I. and F.E. Nelson. 2003 Statistical
representation of landscape-specific active-layer variability. In Phillips, M., Springman, S. M., and Arenson, L. U. (eds.), Proceedings of the Eighth
International Conference on Permafrost, vol. 2. Lisse:
A.A. Balkema, 1039-1044.
Walker D.A., Jia
G.J., Epstein H.E., Raynolds M.K., Chapin III F.S., Copass C., Hinzman L.D., Kane D.,
Knudson J.A., Maier H., Michaelson G.J., Nelson F.E.,
Ping C.L., Shiklomanov N.I., Romanovsky V.E., Shur Y. 2003
Vegetation-soil-thaw-depth relationships along a Low Arctic bioclimatic
gradient, Alaska: Synthesis of information from the Atlas studies. Permafrost
and Periglacial Processes, 14: 103-123.
Shiklomanov
N. I. and F. E. Nelson, F. E., 2002. Active-layer
mapping at regional scales: a 13-year spatial time series for the Kuparuk region, north-central Alaska. Permafrost and Periglacial Processes, 13: 219-230.
Klene
A.E., Nelson F.E., and N.I. Shiklomanov. 2001 The n-factor as a tool in geocryological mapping: seasonal thaw in the Kuparuk River Basin, Alaska. Physical Geography, 22(6): 449-466.
Klene
A.E., Nelson F.E., Shiklomanov N.I., and K.M. Hinkel.
2001 The n-factor in natural
landscapes: Variability of air and soil-surface temperatures, Kuparuk River basin, Alaska. Arctic, Antarctic and Alpine Research,
33(2): 140-148.
Nelson,
F.E., Shiklomanov, N.I., and G.R. Mueller. Variability of active-layer thickness at multiple spatial scales,
north-central Alaska, USA. 1999 Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine
Research, 31(2): 179-186.
Shiklomanov,
N.I. and F.E. Nelson. Analytic
representation of the active layer thickness field, Kuparuk
River basin, Alaska. 1999 Ecological Modelling,
123: 105-125.
Bockheim,
J.G., Walker, D.A., Everett, L.R., Nelson, F.E. and N.I. Shiklomanov.
1998 . Soils and cryoturbation in moist nonacidic and acidic tundra in the
Kuparuk River basin, Arctic Alaska, USA.
Arctic and Alpine Research, 30(2): 166-174.
Nelson,
F.E., Hinkel, K.M., Shiklomanov, N.I., Mueller, G.R., Miller, L.L., and D.A.
Walker. Active-layer thickness in
north central Alaska: systematic sampling, scale, and spatial autocorrelation.
1998 Journal of
Geophysical Research-Atmospheres, 103(D22): 28963-28973.
Nelson,
F.E., Outcalt, S.I., Brown, J., Shiklomanov, N.I.,
and K.M. Hinkel. Spatial and temporal attributes of
the active-layer thickness record, Barrow, Alaska, USA, 1998 Proceedings of the Seventh
International Conference on Permafrost. Centre de etudes nordiques
de l'Universite Laval, Laval, Quebec, Canada,
Yellowknife, NWT, Canada, pp. 797-802
Walker, D.A., Auerbach,
N.A., Bockheim, J.G., Chapin, F.S., Eugster, W., King, J.Y., McFadden, J.P., Michaelson, G.J., Nelson, F.E., Oechel,
W.C., Ping, C.L., Reeburg, W.S., Regli,
S., Shiklomanov, N.I., and G.L. Vourlitis.1998 Energy and trace-gas fluxes
across a soil pH boundary in the arctic. Nature, 394(6692): 469-472.
Nelson F.E., Shiklomanov, N.I.,
Mueller G.R., Hinkel K.M., Walker D.A., and J.G. Bockheim.1997 Estimating
active-layer thickness over a large region: Kuparuk
River basin, Alaska, USA. Arctic and Alpine Research, 29(4): 167-378.
Climate, Soil temperature and soil moisture metadata and
data are also available at http://soils.usda.gov/survey/scan/alaska/WestdockLow/
and http://soils.usda.gov/survey/scan/alaska/WestdockHigh/
Additional
Climate data are also available at http://www.uaf.edu/water/projects/NorthSlope/coastal_plain/west_dock/west_dock.html
