|
CALM SITE |
LIMNOPOLAR LAKE |
|
Site code |
A25 |
|
Site name |
Limnopolar
lake |
|
CAPS I Metadata form |
NA |
|
CAPS II Metadata form |
NA |
|
Site Photograph |
Data |
|
Responsible for data submission |
M.A. de Pablo |
|
Email Address |
miguelangel.depablo”-at-“uah.es |
|
Institution/Organization |
Universidad de Alcalá (UAH) |
|
Location description |
Limnopolar
Lake basin, Byers Peninsula, Livingston Island, Antarctica |
|
Location Lat. |
62º38’59.1’’S |
|
Location Lon. |
61º06’16.9’’W |
|
Elevation avg. (m) |
80 |
|
Methods Grid |
100x100 m |
|
Methods Other |
·
Air temperature (at 1.6 m high
over the surface) ·
Surface temperature ·
Ground temperature (2 boreholes:
1.35 and 0.85 cm) ·
Snow cover (1 mast with array an
array of temperature sensors) ·
Time lapse camera (1 picture per
day at noon). ·
Distributed surface temperature
(36 surface temperature sensors distributed in the CALM grid) ·
Distributed snow cover (9 small
masts distributed in the CALM grid with arrays of temperature sensors). ·
Soils creeping (immediately
outside the grid to ensure the non disturbance of the surface during the ALT
measurement). |
|
Landscape Description |
Outer coastal plain, drained lake basins |
|
Vegetation /Classification |
Mostly uncovered. Locally, small mosses patches. |
|
Soils (or Material) |
Periglacial
deposit. Talus scree. Sand to gravel. |
|
Thaw depth measurements (year started)
|
2009 |
|
Air temp. measurements (year started) |
2009 |
|
Snow cover measurements (year started) |
2009 |
|
Distributed snow cover measurements (year started |
2013 |
|
Surface temp. measurements (year started) |
2009 |
|
Distributed surface temp. measurements (year started) |
2012 |
|
Ground temp. measurements (year started) |
2009 |
|
Time lapse camera (year started) |
2009 |
|
Soil creeping (year started) |
2012 |
|
General description of soil moisture (dry, moist, wet,
saturated) |
Dry to wet, depending of the sector of the CALM site.
Saturated at selected nodes. |
|
Soil texture: if non organic describe texture, if organic
indicate thickness of organic layer (cm) |
Not organic layer; Mineral texture – variable from
sandy load to coarse gravel. Some nodes are silts |
|
Additional thaw depth measurements
are done in A) 3 sites 1X1 m grid (9 nodes) at different locations inside the
CALM site grid, measured every two days to see the evolution of soil thaw; B)
1 detail site 10x10 meters (36 nodes) of a representative sector of the main
CALM site, to provide a more detailed measurements of the Active Layer
evolution. Those additional measurements are carried out when there is enough
available time during the Antarctic campaign in the protected region of Byers
Peninsula. During the ALT measurement by
mechanical probing of the Limnopolar Lake CALM
site, additional measurements of surface and soil temperatures, and surface
and subsurface (5 cm depth) unconfined unconsolidated not drained soils
resistance, are also done in each node, when available time during the
Antarctic campaign. |
|
DESCRIPTION OF AREA CONTAINING SITE:
To be completed
SOIL DESCRIPTION:
Sand to gravel
SAMPLING DESIGN AND METHOD:
100x100
m grid surveyed and permanently staked in the edge by stakes separated by 10 m,
yielding an 11×11 array of sampling nodes. Thaw depth sampling was
conducted twice by manual probing at each node of the grid. The two values for
each sampling point are averaged, yielding a maximum of 121 data points per
grid per probing date during the thaw season (normally last days of January or
early February, due to logistical requirements during Antarctic campaigns). The
active layer was not measured at locations where grid points are covered by
thick layer of ice and snow, since the ground remains frozen.
We have instrument measuring different
parameters: air temperature (hourly measurements by tinytag
device by Gemini), surface temperature (3 hours measurements by iButton devices from Maxim), snow thickness (based on the
use of an array of temperature sensors mounted on a wood mast at 2.5, 5, 10,
20, 40, 80, and 160 cm high by iButton devices), and
ground temperature, at 2 boreholes of 135 cm and 85 cm depth. Measurements are
done at 2.5, 5, 10, 20, 40 70, 100, and 130 cm, and 2.5, 5, 10, 20, 40, 70, and
80 cm, respectively, by iButton devices. Moreover, we
installed 9 small masts regularly distributed in the CALM site to derive snow
thickness. 36 temperatures sensors, regularly distributed in the CALM site also
measure surface temperature along the grid. A meteorological station was
installed in 2006 by other research team who search their data with us to
complete our data. A time lapse camera acquire one image per day of the CALM
site and surrounding area in order to observe the evolution of weather, snow
coverage and watersheet of the near Limnopolar lake.
REFERENCES:
·
M.A. de Pablo,
J.J. Blanco, A. Molina, M. Ramos, A. Quesada and G. Vieira (2013). Interannual active layer variability at the Limnopolar Lake CALM site on Byers Peninsula, Livingston
Island, Antarctica. Antarctic Science, 25. 167-180. doi:10.1017/S0954102012000818.
·
X.L. Otero, S. Fernández,
M.A. de Pablo Hernandez, E.C. Nizoli, A. Quesada
(2013) Plant communities as a key factor in biogeochemical processes involving
micronutrients (Fe, Mn, Co, and Cu) in Antarctic
soils (Byers Peninsula, maritime Antarctica). Geoderma,
195–196:145-154.
· M.A. de Pablo, M. Ramos, A. Molina (2011). Active
Layer evolution (2009-2011) at “Limnopolar
Lake” CALM-S site on Byers Peninsula, Livingston Island (Antarctica). IN III-Congreso Ibérico de la IPA, Piornedo, Spain. Abstracts.
·
M.A. de Pablo,
M. Ramos, G. Vieira, M. Toro, A. Quesada. (2010). Preliminary results from
"Limnopolar" Lake CALM-S site experience.
Byers Peninsula, Livingston Island (Antarctica). International Polar Year
– Oslo Science Conference. Oslo, Norway. Abstracts.
·
Mean
Active layer thickness: 2009:
46.8cm ; 2010:
43.4cm; 2011:
40.5cm; 2012:
39.1cm; 2013:
11.7cm
·
Mean
Air temperature: 2009:
-2.91ºC; 2010:
-1.61ºC; 2011:
-3.07ºC; 2012:
-2.46ºC
·
Mean
Surface temperature: 2009:
-1.40ºC; 2010:
-0.62ºC; 2011:
-1.08ºC; 2012:
-0.11ºC
·
Maximum
snow cover: 2009:
80cm; 2010:
80cm; 2011:
40 cm; 2012:
80cm
Soil temperature and
soil moisture metadata and data are also available at
Site Photos
List of available data
Data Access